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What is CLT?
Its basic characteristics:
1. learning to communicate through interaction .
2. The introduction of authentic texts into the learning
situation.
3. learners focus on language and the learning process
itself.
4. An enhancement of the learner’s own personal
experiences.
5. linking classroom language learning with language
activities.
Main Features and Techniques:
Meaning is paramount.
The role of the teacher is to be facilitator of his
students‟ learning. He suggests that language
teachers need to assist learners by providing them
with frameworks, patterns and rules to develop their
communicative language skills.
The Demerits:
Teacher must be a very knowledgeable person.
Students and teacher must understand each other.
.Inadequate use of authentic materials can damage the
course.CLT approach focuses on fluency but not accuracy.
Structures:
(Consist of):
Guided practice model:
(Football team - 11 players)
Student1:
/ How many players does a...................consist of?/
Student2:
/ It consists of.........................................................../
Free practice:
Starting with pattern practice, then moving into
communication practice. Learners communicate
using the same prompts with new patterns in pairs:
/ Water Polo team - 5 players /
/ Baseball team - 9 players /
/ Squash team - 1 player /
/ Soccer team - 11 players /
Elicitation:
I ask the following questions and
elicit the answers:
1- My learners, Can I elicit the structure
from you?
2-What repeated words have you
discovered through your practice?
3-What comes before? What comes after?
Then, what is the the rule form?
1-Role-play
Role-play is an oral activity usually done in pairs, whose
main goal is to develop students' communicative abilities
in a certain setting.
Example:
An interview is an oral activity done in pairs, whose main
goal is to develop students' interpersonal skills in the TL.
Group work is a collaborative activity whose purpose
is to foster communication in the TL, in a larger group setting.
Students are assigned a group of no more than six
people.
Students are assigned a specific role within the group.
(E.g., member A, member B, etc.)
The instructor gives each group the same task to
complete.
Each member of the group takes a designated amount
of time to work on the part of the task to which they are
assigned. The members of the group discuss the
information they have found, with each other and
put it all together to complete the task.
Information gap is a collaborative activity, whose purpose
is for students to effectively obtain information that was
previously
unknown to them, in the TL.
The class is paired up. One partner in each pair is Partner
A, and the other is Partner B.
All the students that are Partner A are given a sheet of
paper with a time-table on it. The time-table is filled in
half-way, but some of the boxes are empty.
All the students that are Partner B are given a sheet of
paper with a time-table on it. The boxes that are empty
on Partner A's time-table are filled in on Partner B's.
There are also empty boxes on Partner B's time-table,
but they are filled in on Partner A's.
The partners must work together to ask about and supply
each other with the information they are both missing,
to complete each other's time-tables..
Opinion sharing is a content-based activity, whose
purpose is to engage students' conversational skills,
while talking about something they care about.
The instructor introduces a topic and asks students
to contemplate their opinions about it.
](E.g., dating, school dress codes, global warming)
The students talk in pairs or small groups, debating their
opinions on the topic.
A scavenger hunt is a mingling activity that promotes open
interaction between students.
The instructor gives students a sheet with instructions on it.
(e.g. Find someone who has a birthday in the same month
as yours.)
Students go around the classroom asking and answering
questions about each other.
The students wish to find all of the answers they need to
complete the scavenger hunt.
View Resources:
1-Teaching Vocabulary communicatively
View Other Resources:
1- Go to: The Amideast Forum.
2-Internet-based learning method.
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