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Humor:
Q: Why did the teacher wear sunglasses?
A: Because his class was so bright!
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Humor:
Q: Why did the teacher wear sunglasses?
A: Because his class was so bright!
............ . ............ . .............. . ............
My dear guest,
This page is called " Grammar Lectures" page. It includes a lot of interesting lectures in grammar. Let's read it to learn in order to know, not in order to recite or just memorize, without understanding or applicability. Memorization supplies you with a short term knowledge but applicability supplies you with a long term knowledge. Grammar structures are tools that contribute in building proper communication, not just rules to learn by heart. Grammar helps you to listen to, speak, read and write an academic English language properly.
Grammar is the system of a language. People sometimes describe grammar as the "rules" of a language; but in fact no language has rules. If we use the word "rules", we suggest that somebody created the rules first and then spoke the language, like a new game. But languages did not start like that. Languages started by people making sounds which evolved into words, phrases and sentences. No commonly-spoken language is fixed. All languages change over time. What we call "grammar" is simply a reflection of a language at a particular time. Originally, the term grammar, grammatica, referred to the art of writing, as compared to rhetoric, rettorica, the art of speaking.
As used today by many teachers and learners, grammar is loosely understood to be a set of rules that govern language, primarily its morphology and syntax. But morphology and syntax are only two components of grammar. Communicative language teaching has brought a renewed emphasis on the role that semantics plays in the definition of language. Communicative language teaching is fundamentally concerned with 'making meaning' in the language, whether by interpreting someone else's message, expressing one's own, or negotiating when meaning is unclear.
Viewing grammar with all of its components helps us as language teachers understand the complexity of what it means to know the grammar of a language. Clearly, the goal of language learning in the communicative classroom is for learners to acquire the grammar of the second language in its broadest sense, to enable them to understand and make meaning; that is, to become proficient users of the second language. Research and experience have shown that explicit teaching of grammatical rules, even if we were able to formulate them all, does not produce such competence. Teaching and learning grammar must be done through ptactice and elicitation and
inductive method. This produces competence.
I like to think of language learning from a top-down approach. You look at the big picture first, and then as you go, you figure out the details. This is similar in many ways to the strategy of guessing based on past experience, also known as inductive reasoning, and it’s awesome. A language is a set of valid sentences. What makes a sentence valid? You can break validity down into two things: syntax and semantics.
Syntax VS Semantics:
1-Syntax is the grammar.
It describes the way to construct a correct sentence.
It answers the question: how do I construct a valid sentence? .
For example, "this water is triangular" is syntactically correct.
2-Semantics relates to the meaning.
It describes the meaning pf the sentence.
It answers the questions: is this sentence valid? If so, what does the sentence mean?
For example, this water is triangular does not mean anything, though the grammar is OK.
How?
The term syntax refers to grammatical structure whereas the term semantics refers to the meaning of the vocabulary symbols arranged with that structure. Grammatical (syntactically valid) does not imply sensible (semantically valid), however. For example, the grammatical sentence "cows flow supremely" is grammatically ok (subject verb adverb) in English, but makes no sense. Similarly, in a programming language, your grammar (syntax rules) may allow ID EQUALS ID but the language may only allow the sentence if the text matched for ID does not represent a type name (a semantic rule).
Don’t make grammar a priority. Think about it: why exactly are you learning a foreign language? If it’s to actually communicate with human beings, you should consider mostly skipping grammar and coming back to it at a later point. The best thing with this approach is that you’ll get all those “ha-ha!” moments. After having been exposed to the language for a while, you’ll read about a certain rule and then suddenly all the pieces of the puzzle will fall into place.
Learn key concepts and strategies in grammar and style to help enhance your writing and confidently respond to the demand of high levels of literacy in the 21st century. How great to teach and learn grammar through the lexical approach. It enhances meaning, feeling and practice. How nice for me as a teacher to elicit the rule from the learners themselves after their drill and communication practice for the real situations that contain the rule we want them to learn and master!
With the rise of social media and the Internet, many people are writing more today for different mediums than ever before. We’ll present materials that cover grammatical principles, word usage, writing style, sentence and paragraph structure, and punctuation. We’ll introduce you to some marvelous resources that we have annotated for your guidance. We’ll show you video clips of interviews conducted with distinguished grammarians, challenge you with quizzes and writing activities that will give you strategies to help you to build skills that will enhance the quality of your writing, and invite you to participate in discussions and assess the work of your peers.
What you'll learn
- How to reliably identify the roles and relationships of words in a sentence.
- Mastery of grammatical concepts and syntactical strategies.
- How to apply this knowledge to produce coherent, economical, and compelling writing.
- Skills in critiquing and editing your own and others' writing.
1-) Nouns.
2- )Verbs.
3-) Adjectives.
4-)Adverbs.
5-) Articles.
6-) Active & Passive.
7-) Direct & Indirect Speech.
8-) Kinds of Sentences.
9)-Question.
10)-Punctuation marks.
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External links Resources:
1-Idioms
2-Phrasal Verbs.
3-Grammar Lessons.
4-Grammar Exercises
5-Grammar resources
6-list of all English Tenses.
7-Beginner & Elementary Exercises.
8-Intermediate Exercises
9-Grammar Rules
10-Go to Cambridge Dictionary online.
11-Differences in American and British English grammar.
12-To learn about all Idioms, click here
13-To learn about phrasal verbs, Click here.
14- ( Oxford University)Training Course, Teaching grammar lexical
15-Stress in English pronunciation.
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