In the process of learning, learners
experience, memorize and understand. Students need to be provided with data and
materials necessary to focus their thinking and interaction in the lesson for
the process of analyzing the information. Teachers need to be actively involved
in directing and guiding the students’ analysis of the information.
It requires active problem
solving by students in finding patterns in the information through their own
investigation and analysis. With continued practice in these processes,
students learn not only the content of the lesson but also develop many other
skills.
·It enhances creative aspect of experience.
·It gives reality for learning.
·Uses all available resources.
·Provides varied experiences to the students to
facilitate the acquisition of knowledge, experience, skills and values.
Meaning:
Activity
-based teaching and learning method is a technique adopted by a teacher to emphasize his or her method of
teaching through activity in which the students participate rigorously and
bring about efficient learning experiences. It is a child-centeredapproach. It is a method in which the child is actively involved in
participating mentally and physically.
Learning by doing is the main focus in
this method. Learning by doing is imperative in successful learning since
it is well proved that more the senses are stimulated, more a person learns and
longer he/she retains.
In an
activity based teaching method,learners willingly with enthusiasm internalize and
implement concepts relevant to their needs. So our understanding on the
activity method by now should mean any learning that is carried out with a
purpose in a social environment, involving physical and mental action,
stimulating for creative action or expression.
Experiencing:
watching,
observing, comparing, describing, questioning, discussing, investigating,
reporting, collecting, selecting, testing, trying, listening, reading, drawing,
calculating, imitating, modeling, playing, acting, taking on roles,
talking, writing about what one can see, hear, feel, taste, experimenting
and imagining.
Memorizing:
Sequencing ordering, finding regularities and
patterns, connect with given knowledge, use different modes of perception,
depict. While memorizing helps commit to the memory,
understanding the concept helps us gain knowledge and appreciate our
education. When you understand a concept, you will remember it for years
whereas when you memorize the same, you will remember it for merely for
days and gradually forget it.
How does memorization differ from understanding?
Memorizing is fantastic and helps you learn information but without understanding the material, you have absolutely nothing.
... Understanding is being able to apply the equation. But in order for
you to understand the equations, you have to remember the information
you want to apply.
The
grammar–translation method is a method of teaching a foreign language
derived from the classical (sometimes called traditional) method of
teaching Greek and Latin. In grammar–translation classes, students
learn grammatical rules and then apply those rules by translating
sentences between the target language and the native language.
The
grammar–translation method originated from the practice of teaching
Latin. In the early 1500s, Latin was the most widely studied foreign
language due to its prominence in government, academia, and business.
There are two main goals to grammar–translation classes. One is to
develop students’ reading ability to a level where they can read
literature in the target language. The other is to develop students’ general mental discipline.Grammar–translation
classes are usually conducted in the students’ native language.
Grammar
rules are learned deductively students learn grammar rules by rote, and
then practice the rules by doing grammar drills and translating
sentences to and from the target language.
Active Learning:
The
active learning or the activity -based learning method is applied in
the USA schools. It depends on the participation of the learner during
the lesson presentation.
In it, the learner plays his active role and practices what he learns through real situations that lead to a
communication between the learner and himself, the learner and the
teacher, the learner and other learners, the learner and the course, or
between the learner and the environment that surrounds him inside and
outside class in order to qualify himself to use his language in real
life.
Active learning is "anything that involves students in doing things and thinking about the things they are doing"
Active learning is a process whereby students engage in activities,
such as reading, writing, discussion, or problem solving that promote
analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of class content.
Cooperative
learning, problem-based learning, and the use of case methods and
simulations are some approaches that promote active learning. This
section provides links to bibliographies, research summaries, articles,
and other resources about active learning.
ما هو التعلم النشط ؟
التعلم النشط Active learning
فلسفة تعليمية تربوية تهدف إلى تفعيل دور المتعلم وجعله -أي المتعلم-
محوريا في العملية التعليمية التعلمية وتسعى إلى الانتقال بالمتعلم من حالة
المتلقي السلبي (كما هو الحال في طريقة المحاضرة) إلى إيجابية المتعلم
وفاعليته في المواقف التعليمية (كما هو الحال في استراتيجيات التعلم
النشط)، وذلك باستهداف مهارات التفكير العليا بالدرجة الأولى كالتحليل
والتركيب والتقويم، اعتمادا على مواقف تعليمية وأنشطة مختلفة تستلزم البحث
والتجريب والعمل والتعلم الذاتي أو الجماعي أيضا… لاكتساب المهارات والحصول
على المعلومات وتكوين الاتجاهات والقيم.
تتلخص هذه الفلسفة في جعل المتعلم في قلب العملية التعلِيمية
التعلُّمية، بنقل بؤرة الاهتمام إليه المتعلم وجعله محور هذه العملية، وذلك
بجعل التعلم:
– ينطلق من استعدادات المتعلم وقدراته.
– مرتبطا بحياة المتعلم واهتماماته واحتياجاته.
– قائما على تفاعل المتعلم مع بيئته ومحيطه.
– يحدث في أماكن أخرى غير الفصل الدراسي مثل البيت أو النادي أو أي مكان ينشط فيه المتعلم
