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Click here to go to : Abouna Fanous Site.



موقع عمى أبونا فانوس الأنبا بولا



email-logo – Jenny Brook Bluegrass


girgishannaharoun@yahoo.co.uk



اضغط هنا لتصل الى فيديوهات موقع ابونا فانوس و تنال بركته



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The Lord will keep you from all

harm he will watch over your life;

the Lord will watch over your

coming and going both now and

forevermore.Psalm 121:7-



Notice from the SVG FSA : Forex IBCs – Wilfred International Services







Humor






51. The Laughing Lady |



In school they told me Practice makes perfect. And then they told me Nobody's perfect, so then I stopped practicing.

Dear visitor,


Use the language selector above to go through my whole site using any native language you speak,



then you can enjoy my YouTube channel.


اختاراي لغة من لغات العالم /  اللغة التى تريد تصفح موقعى باستخدامها . استخدم المؤشر

الذى فى الاعلى


I register a  video presentation in my YouTube channel for each page of my site.


Next,use the other world site selector above to go to the search engine site or the social media site you like.


My YouTube Channel:

منهج الانجليزى ثانوية عامة / و شكل و طريقة امتحا ن نظام التعليم الجديد  والتصحيح الكترونيا









Mr. / Girgis



Rules of conversation

In Detail

Good Conversation:




Rules of conversation


Language is a means of communication among

 individuals,peoples and nations.  It depends on

 the knowledge of the speech codes.  These

codes are known as rules that help speakers

to respond to each other during talk or speech.




Then the matter isn't just speaking but it a matter

 of discovering the inner reaction during speech.

Speech or conversation depends mainly on the

 mood of the speakers and the expressions

used beside the behavior talk through using

 signals for example.


Click the link below to know about:


American, English and Urban Slang online.


 



Conversational Maxims



A. Maxims of quality


1. Do not say what your believe to be false.


2. Do not say that for which you lack adequate

evidence.




B. Maxims of quantity


1. Make your contribution as informative as required.


2. Do not make your contribution more informative


than is required.




C. Maxim of relation


1. Be relevant.




D. Maxims of manner

1. Avoid obscurity of expression.

2. Avoid ambiguity.

3. Be brief.

4. Be orderly.


 



In Detail



1-Maxim of Quality:


According to the first rule, people are expected to say

 what they know to be true. When talking with each

other we expect the others to tell us the truth. If your

 friend asks, “…have you seen my dog?” an honest

answer is expected.


 



2-Maxim of Quantity:



According to this rule, when talking, we are expected

 to provide just enough information to get our point

across.


We usually assume that people are telling us

everything we need to know. If they don’t say

something, then we assume they simply don’t know

that information


 



3-Maxim of relation


According to this rule, you are expected to stay on the

topic. In other words, make sure that what you say is

relevant for what is talked about. If asked, “Isn’t Larry

the biggest jerk you ever met?” you certainly won’t be

on topic if you answer by saying “Uh, it sure is nice for

this time of year, eh?


 



4-Maxim of Manner:


The last rule states that your comments should be

direct, clear, and to the point. This maxim relates to the

form of speech you use. You shouldn’t use words you

know your listeners won’t understand or say things

 which you know could be taken multiple ways.



You should also not state something in a long, drawn-

out way if you could say it in a much simpler manner.

As an example, we have “Miss Singer produced a

series of sounds corresponding closely to the score of

The Star-Spangled Banner” vs. “Miss Singer sang The

Star-Spangled Banner.


 



How you teach good conversational skills:


1. Model a Good Conversation




Make a point of having one-to-two minute interactions,

one-on-one, at least a few times each week with

students who struggle conversationally. Share

information about yourself as you might when meeting

 a friend or acquaintance, and show interest in the

student by asking questions about his or her interests.

Conversation enhancers include responses and

 prompts like:



  • "Really?"


  • "Wow!"


  • "That’s interesting."


  • "No kidding!"


If these students don't or won't share easily at first,


 don't give up.





2. Encourage Physical Cues



Identify procedures for having a conversation that

includes appropriate non-verbal behavior. For example,

you might teach a strategy like S.L.A.N.T. (Sit up

straight. Listen. Answer and ask


questions. Nod to show interest. Track the speaker.)




3. Challenge Put-Downs or Hurtful Comments



For example, if a student says, "I think what she did was


 really stupid," challenge with "How else can you say


that without being hurtful?" If the student seems


unaware, teach an alternative like,"I disagree with that."


 Ask the student to repeat what you said and then move


on to:"What happened to make you feel that way?"


"How would you have handled things differently?"


"Do you think there is only right answer, or could there


be more?"




4. Ask Open-Ended Questions



These are questions without one correct answer,


questions that stimulate discussion and can be a


 very powerful way to reinforce the idea that there


 are different views of an issue, or a set of beliefs


that can be equally valid.



For example: "So if Columbus came knocking on your


 door and told you that sailing to the New World would


be an amazing adventure and there might be lots of


 riches there, but you might never arrive because the


 world was flat, would you go?"



 



5. Put Thinking Ahead of Knowing



When asked a question, don’t accept "I don't know.


" Tell students that you don't require them to "know"


 but that you do expect them to "think." Teach them


how to wonder aloud, speculate, guess or give the


 best answer they can. ("I'm not sure about that,


but I think _____ .")




6. Have Informal Chats



Before class begins or in the hallway, ask students


about their other classes, what they think about a


 current event, or how they feel about the outcome


 of a game. Share your thoughts as well. ("I thought


it was more that the Jets lost the game than anything


 the Eagles did to win. How did you see it?")




7. Make Eye Contact



When a student is speaking in class and you are


listening, give him or her your eye contact. However,


gradually scan away from the speaker and direct your


gaze and movement towards other students.


This will often get the speaker to redirect his or her talk


toward peers, and it invites peers to get and stay


involved with what's being said.



8. Encourage Turn-Taking



Use an object, such as a talking stick as a signal for


 turn-taking. Teach your students that when they have


 the object, it is their turn to talk or pass while others


are expected to listen.



 



Good Conversation:



1-The best conversationalists of all ages seem to have


 a lively affection for and a warm interest in their fellow


 creatures; a curiosity about the world in general


 (not a petty curiosity about people’s affairs); some


 powers of observation and reflection; respect for


their own opinions and tolerance for those of others;


and tact, which comes from ready sympathy and quick


 thinking. And they talk for the fun of it, not to show off


 their knowledge.



2-A conversationalist needs a fund of information, of


course, but interesting topics to talk about can come


 from the things they know about because people


usually talk well about subjects they know.



3-The ability to see humor in everyday incidents and to


 tell about them in a way that amuses others is a basic


 ingredient of good conversation.



4-Kindliness is the basis of the most pleasing humor.


5-The secret of a good conversationalist is a genuine

concern for the listener. The topic being discussed

 should lead to building a bridge of friendship between

 the participants.

 



Internal links:


1-TILO Project.



2-Teaching topics 1



3-Teaching Topics 2



4-Education with a good quality.



5- Education and development



6- Intercultural Communication.



7-Language communication research.



8-Education for sustainable development.



9-Learning  /  Pedagogy  /  Assessment.



10-Homogeneous VS Heterogeneous



11-Competency-based teaching.




12-English Literature



13-An Integrated Skills Lesson Plan


English Teaching Forum 2004,


Volume 42, Issue 1


1-MA KINGS ENS EOF WORDS




2-The Communicative Approach:




3-Reflective Portfolio




4-English Magazines




5- ESOL Classroom



6- Listening  and Speaking Practice



7-Sexist Language Persists




8-Teacher Resources




9-Abstracts from Other Journals



10-The Lighter Side




11-The Lighter Side (answers)



12-A Postcard from America



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