Methods
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Humor:
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( Approach, Method, Design, Procedure,
Technique, Model )
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Approach :
It could be seen as your
perspective, ideology, belief or theoretical stance on something. It
encompasses a set of logical assumptions that could be made for better
comprehension of issues. It could also be seen as a term that births
your systematic plans and the strategies that you'll use to achieve
particular objectives. Approach is a theory of language and of language learning. When
an instructional design is quite explicit at the level of theory of
language and learning, but can be applied in many different ways at the
level of objectives, teacher and learner roles and activities, it is
usually referred to as an approach. Communicative language teaching is
generally regarded as an approach, because the principles underlying it
can be applied in many different ways. Teachers adopting an approach
have considerable flexibility in how they apply the principles to their
own contexts. The approach is when: I figure the logictics and materials
that are needed. You may center on the diction, structure or the theme.
Method :
A METHOD is a target plan or set
of orderly procedures that are based on a credible approach. It reveals
what needs to be done in a systematic way and how to focus on achieving
those goals. When an instructional design includes a specific level of application in
terms of objectives, teacher and learner roles and classroom
activities, it is referred to as a method. Method is the steps of an approach. With a method, there are prescribed objectives, roles for teacher and
learners and guidelines for activities, and, consequently, little
flexibility for teachers in how the method is used. The teacher’s role
is to implement the method. Audiolingualism, Total Physical Response and
Silent Way are examples of methods. Methods refer to how tou teach the lesson; through a lectire, small group. powerpoint, actibe learning or CLT.
Design:
Design is a definition
of linguistic content, a specification for the selection and organization of content,
and a description of the role of teacher, learner, and teaching materials.
Procedure:
Procedure
is concerned with techniques and practices in a method.
TECHNIQUE:
A technique is a precise strategy, concrete trick or a tested and trusted tip that’s designed to help you reach your goals. It could be in form of an exercise or just any activity that you have to do to complete your mission.
Model :
The model is discussed with reference to recent proposals in methodology, and the application of the model is demonstrated.
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Significance
The term Teaching method refers to the general principles, pedagogy and management strategies used for classroom instruction. Your choice of teaching method depends on what fits you — your educational philosophy, classroom demographic, subject area(s) and school mission statement. Teaching theories primarily fall into two categories or “approaches” — teacher-centered and student-centered:
Teacher-Centered Approach to Learning
A teaching method comprises the principles and methods used for instruction.
Commonly used teaching methods may include class participation,
demonstration, recitation, memorization, or combinations of these.Here
are the latest modern teaching methods in schools and colleges, today.
We should select the most suitable ones to apply in our lesson
presentation inside our teaching rooms.
Every teacher and educationist of experience knows that even the best curriculum analysis, course content and the most perfect syllabus remain dead unless quickened into life by the right methods of teaching and right kind of teachers.Teachers are the main authority figure in this model. Students are viewed as empty vessels whose primary role is to passively receive information (via lectures and direct instruction) with an end goal of testing and assessment. It is the primary role of teachers to pass knowledge and information onto their students. In this model, teaching and assessment are viewed as two separate entities. Student learning is measured through objectively scored tests and assessments.
Student-Centered Approach to Learning
While teachers are an authority figure in this model, teachers and students play an equally active role in the learning process. The teacher’s primary role is to coach and facilitate student learning and overall comprehension of material. Student learning is measured through both formal and informal forms of assessment, including group projects, student portfolios, and class participation. Teaching and assessment are connected; student learning is continuously measured during teacher instruction.
To better understand these approaches, it is important to discuss what is generally understood as the three main teaching styles in educational pedagogy: direct instruction, inquiry-based learning and cooperative learning. Through these three teaching methods, teachers can gain a better understanding of how to govern their classroom, implement instruction and connect with their students. Within each of these three main teaching styles are teaching roles or “models.” Theorist A.F. Grasha explains the five main teaching models in her publication Teaching with Style (1996): Expert, Formal Authority, Personal Model, Facilitator and Delegator. To gain a better understanding of the fundamentals of each teaching style, it’s best to view them through the lens of direct instruction, inquiry-based learning, and cooperative teaching.
Direct Instruction
Direct instruction is the general term that refers to the traditional teaching strategy that relies on explicit teaching through lectures and teacher-led demonstrations. Direct instruction is the primary teaching strategy under the teacher-centered approach, in that teachers and professors are the sole supplier of knowledge and information. Direct instruction is effective in teaching basic and fundamental skills across all content areas.
Inquiry-based Learning
Inquiry-based learning is a teaching method that focuses on student investigation and hands-on learning. In this method, the teacher’s primary role is that of a facilitator, providing guidance and support for students through the learning process. Inquiry-based learning falls under the student-centered approach, in that students play an active and participatory role in their own learning process.
Cooperative Learning
Cooperative Learning refers to a method of teaching and classroom management that emphasizes group work and a strong sense of community. This model fosters students’ academic and social growth and includes teaching techniques such as "Think, pair, share" and reciprocal teaching. Cooperative learning falls under the student-centered approach because learners are placed in responsibility of their learning and development. This method focuses on the belief that students learn best when working with and learning from their peers.
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