Punctuation marks.

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Punctuation Marks



Punctuation marks in English | British Council





Mr. / Girgis







Definition:



Punctuation is the use of standard marks and signs
 in writing to separate words into sentences, clauses, and phrases in order to clarify meaning.

The 14 marks or signs are called punctuation
marks. Punctuation marks are signals to readers.



 


14 Punctuation Marks With Examples » OnlyMyEnglish
 



When do we Use Capital


 Letters?




Punctuation Marks and Its Uses for Real! - Main English


1. Use a capital letter for the personal pronoun " I "

What can I say?



2. Use a capital letter to begin a sentence or to begin speech:

The man arrived. He sat down.

Suddenly Mary asked, "Do you love me?"



3. Use capital letters for many abbreviations and acronyms:


G.M.T. or GMT (Greenwich Mean Time)

N.A.T.O. or NATO or

 Nato (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)



4. Use a capital letter for days of the week, months


 of the year, holidays:


Monday, Tuesday

January, February

Christmas

Armistice Day



5. Use a capital letter for countries, languages &


nationalities, religions:


China, France

Japanese, English

Christianity, Buddhism



6. Use a capital letter for people's names and titles:


Anthony, Ram, William Shakespeare

Professor Jones, Dr Smith

Captain Kirk, King Henry VII

 


4 New Punctuation Marks For The 21st Century


4. Use a capital letter for days of the week, months of the year, holidays:


  • Monday, Tuesday
  • January, February
  • Christmas
  • Armistice Day


5. Use a capital letter for countries, languages & nationalities, religions:

  • China, France
  • Japanese, English
  • Christianity, Buddhism


6. Use a capital letter for people's names and titles:

  • Anthony, Ram, William Shakespeare
  • Professor Jones, Dr Smith
  • Captain Kirk, King Henry VIII


 


 


List of Punctuation Marks with Examples PDF - GrammarVocab

7. Use a capital letter for trade-marks and names of


 companies and other organizations:



  • Pepsi Cola, Walkman

  • Microsoft Corporation, Toyota

  • the United Nations, the Red Cross



8. Use a capital letter for places and monuments:


  • London, Paris, the Latin Quarter


  • Buckingham Palace, the White House

  • Oxford Street, Fifth Avenue

  • Jupiter, Mars, Sirius

  • Asia, the Middle East, the North Pole



9. Use a capital letter for names of vehicles like

 ships, trains and spacecraft:


  • the Titanic

  • the Orient Express, the Flying Scotsman

  • Challenger 2, the Enterprise


10. Use a capital letter for titles of books, poems,

songs, plays, films


  • War And Peace

  • If, Futility

  • Like a Virgin

  • The Taming of the Shrew

  • The Lion King, Gone With The Wind


11. Use capital letters (sometimes!) for headings,

titles of articles, books etc, and newspaper headlines:



  • HOW TO WIN AT POKER

  • Chapter 2: CLINTON'S EARLY LIFE

  • LIFE FOUND ON MARS!

  • MAN BITES DOG


 


4 New Punctuation Marks For The 21st Century



10. Use a capital letter for titles of books, poems,

songs, plays, films


  • War And Peace

  • If, Futility

  • Like a Virgin

  • The Taming of the Shrew

  • The Lion King, Gone With The Wind


11. Use capital letters (sometimes!) for headings,

titles of articles, books etc, and newspaper

headlines:


  • HOW TO WIN AT POKER

  • Chapter 2: CLINTON'S EARLY LIFE

  • LIFE FOUND ON MARS!

  • MAN BITES DOG

 


EN DASH & EM DASH | English grammar | How to use punctuation correctly -  YouTube



Period (.)



- Use a period at the end of a declarative sentence

(a sentence which states an idea).

"That was a wonderful movie."


- Use a period to end an abbreviation.

"I think that Mr. Williams is a great teacher."





Question Mark (?)


- Use a question mark at the end


of an interrogative sentence (a


sentence which asks a question).


"Did you like that movie?"



 



Comma (,)


- Use a comma to separate three or more items in

a series."My history class meets each Monday,

Wednesday, and Friday."


- Use a comma to separate independent clauses in

a sentence."We wanted to go to the beach, but it

rained that day."


- Use a comma after introductory words or phrases

in a sentence."Certainly, I have my homework right

here."


- Use a comma to set off dates and addresses.

"My friend Jane, who was born June 18, 1992, lives

 in Akron, Ohio." Using Punctuation Marks, Pizza




Semicolon (;)


- Use a semicolon when two independent clauses in

a sentence are not separated by a conjunction

such as "and").

"I like pizza; Carlos also likes pizza"


- Use a semicolon between independent clauses in

a sentence that are separated by any of the

following transitional words or phrases: accordingly,

consequently, for example, for instance, furthermore,

 however, instead, moreover, nevertheless,

otherwise, and therefore.


"I planned to study Saturday morning; however, the

power in our house went out due to a storm."


- Use a semicolon when the items in a series of

items contain commas.


"I have lived in Los Angeles, California; Boston,

Massachusetts; Trenton, New Jersey; and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania."




 



Colon (:)


- Use a colon before a list that is preceded by a

complete independent clause. Some form of the word

"follow" is often used in such a case.

"On our next vacation, we plan to visit the following

 countries: England, France, Italy, and Greece."


- Use a colon to divide hours from minutes.

"I have an appointment with the doctor at 10:30

tomorrow morning."



 Exclamation Mark)

- Use an exclamation mark at the end of a sentence

 to show strong emotion.

"I am very upset with him!"


- Use an exclamation mark at the end of a sentence

for emphasis.

"I have to go home right now!"


- Use an exclamation mark after an interjection at the

 start of a sentence (an interjection is a word used to

express strong feeling or sudden emotion).

"Wow! That test was harder than I expected."



 


SLASH | English grammar | How to use punctuation correctly - YouTube



Apostrophe (')


Using Punctuation Marks, Dog

- Use an apostrophe to indicate a missing letter or

letters in a contraction.

"I don't think she will win the election."



- Use an apostrophe plus the letter "s" to show

possession.

"Please take good care of Brad's dog."



Use punctuation marks to make the meaning of

what you write as clear as possible.




Dash and Hyphen



A hyphen is used to join two or more words

together into a compound term and is not separated

 by spaces. For example, part-time, back-to-back,

 well-known.



A dash is used to separate words into statements.

There are two common types of dashes: en dash and

em dash



 


Weird 19th-Century Punctuation Marks You Should Try Using | by Clive  Thompson | Medium



Brackets, braces and parentheses are symbols used

to contain words that are a further explanation or are

considered a group.



Parentheses ( ( ) ) are curved notations used to

contain further thoughts or qualifying remarks.

However, parentheses can be replaced by commas

without changing the meaning in most cases.


  • John and Jane (who were actually half brother

  • and sister) both have red hair.




The ellipsis

The ellipsis is most commonly represented by three

periods (. . . ) although it is occasionally

demonstrated with three asterisks (***).

The ellipsis is used in writing or printing to indicate

an omission, especially of letters or words. Ellipses

are frequently used within quotations to jump from

one phrase to another, omitting unnecessary words

that do not interfere with the meaning.



Parentheses ( ( ) ) are curved notations used to

contain further thoughts or qualifying remarks.

However, parentheses can be replaced by commas

 without changing the meaning in most cases.


  • John and Jane (who were actually half brother
  • and sister) both have red hair.



Brackets are the squared off notations ([ ]) used

 for technical explanations or to clarify meaning.

 If you remove the information in the brackets, the

 sentence will still make sense.


  • He [Mr. Jones] was the last person seen at the house.



Braces ({ }) are used to contain two or more lines

of text or listed items to show that they are

considered as a unit. They are not commonplace in

most writing, but can be seen in computer

programming to show what should be contained

within the same lines. They can also be used in

mathematical expressions. For example,

2{1+[23-3]}=x



 


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