Egyptian Education System

The Education in Egypt | The Stages of Education in Egypt

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“For I know the plans I have for

you, declares the Lord, plans for

welfare and not for evil, to give

you a future and a hope.”

—Jeremiah 29:11

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Father: How do you like

going to school?

Son: The going bit is fine,

as is the coming home bit

too, but I’m not too keen

on the time.

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Egyptian Education System

Introduction:

Education is overseen by a number of central government

bodies, including the Ministry of Education (MOE) and

the Ministry of Higher Education. The MOE supervises

preschool and elementary and secondary education.

Steered by the High Council of Pr-University Education,

it is responsible for national examinations, curricula,

the development and provision of textbooks,

teaching materials, and other matters.

Higher education at both public and private institutions

is overseen by the Ministry of Higher Education,

which supervises the Supreme Council of Public

Universities, the Supreme Council of Higher

Institutes, and the Supreme Council of Private

Universities—bodies which coordinate policies

between institutions, provide quality control,

and approve new HELs and programs.

Chaired by the Minister of Higher Education,

these councils are made up of the presidents of all

institutions within their respective sectors.

In addition, there’s a National Authority for Quality

Assurance and Accreditation in Education (NAQAAE), an

autonomous body under the prime Minister that accredits

academic institutions and programs.

Comparison of The Instruction System Between Vietnam along with the America - www.isvietnam.org

Structure

Egypt has an extensive education system that outstripe

all others in the Middle East and North Africa, and

where even tertiary education is free.

The compulsory primary education program

follows kindergarten at age 4.

Primary school that begins at age six takes

6 years and preparatory school another 3.

During this introductory phase pupils may enroll at

state, religious or private schools by choice.

The Ministry of Education (MoE) oversees instruction

at the K-12 level, while the Ministry of Higher Education

and Scientific Research manages the implementation

of education policy at the tertiary level, working closely

with the MoE to ensure the same principles are followed

across the system.

For the next decade the MoE will be focused on

implementing a major new education reform program

known as Education 2.0 (EDU 2.0).

The initiative, announced in 2018, is set to dramatically

restructure K-12 schooling throughout the country

(see analysis). The reform aligns with the targets

outlined in Vision 2030, Egypt’s long term

roadmap for economic, environmental and social

development.

EDU 2.0 is set to be fully implemented by 2030

replacing the country’s traditional culture of

commemoration for tests with one focused on

student-centered teaching and competency-based

learning for life, alongside mastery of technology

Sector Composition

The education system is divided into four levels:

pr-primary, KG ages four to five; primary, from six

to 11 years; secondary, from 12 to 17 years; and

tertiary education, from age 18 onward. Education

is compulsory from ages six to 17.

According to the latest data from CAPMAS, there

were around 1.4m students enrolled in pr-primary

education, 12.2m at the primary level and 8.9m at

the secondary level in the 2018/19 academic year.

Net enrollment rates for the same year sat at

approximately 24.4% for pr-primary, 97% at the

primary level and 82.5% at secondary.

While dropout rates are low in Egypt, UNESCO

reported that around 77,500 children and 221,000

adolescents were out of school in the 2018/19

academic year. UNESCO figures also show that

the literacy rate among citizens 15 years and older

sat at 71.2% in 2017. The rate was highest for the

15-24 age group, at 88.2%.

The government also operates a number of religious

schools, known as Al Azhar schools. These offer a

curriculum similar to secular schools, but with an

emphasis on Islamic values and the Quran.

According to CAPMAS, the 2018/19 academic year

saw some 1.7m students enrol in Al Azhar schools,

which numbered 9420. These schools had 170,000

teachers that year, and class sizes averaged 29

students across all levels.

Primary Education

Egypt has an extensive education system that outstrips

all others in the Middle East and North Africa, and

where even tertiary education is free. The compulsory

Primary school begins at age six takes

6 years and preparatory school another 3.During this

introductory phase pupils may enrol at state,

religious or private schools by choice.

Middle Education

Three years of preparatory schooling follow at the end

of which a basic education completion certificate is

awarded. During this time a student’s aptitude is

examined in order to determine their best

secondary education route.

Public secondary education:

General secondary education and technical secondary

education. To enter general secondary education,

students must pass a national exam given at the

end of their preparatory stage. Secondary schools

conduct examinations every month for the

first two years, and students take a national exam

in the final year.

Those who pass receive the Certificate of General

Secondary Education, a requirement for admission

to the universities (accompanied by a strong academic

record).

Secondary education

There are three streams in secondary education,

namely general (3 years), technical (as long a 5 years)

and vocational. Technical secondary schools are

organized around industrial, commercial or

agricultural themes. Both technical and general

schooling are conduits to tertiary education

Vocational Education

Initial vocational education is provided at separate

schools following which students may move to

vocational centers or enter the job market immediately.

Vocational training is a top government priority since

business identifies a lack of skills as the main

impediment to entering new markets.

Schools must get back to basics | Fraser Institute

Tertiary Education

Egypt has a well-developed and extensive tertiary education

system with 30% of Egyptians availing themselves of this

opportunity. There are 17 public universities, 16 private

universities, 89 private higher education institutions and 51

public non-university facilities.

The tension between academic freedom and the

responsibility of government to manage education is

not yet fully resolved.

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