Testing mistakes

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Testing mistakes




and




confusing words




to avoid






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https://mrgirgis.blogspot.com/





Mr. / Girgis





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منهج الانجليزى ثانوية عامة / معكم الاستاذ / جرجس حنا هارون

 /Unit 1: (Writers and stories) Lesson: 1







Testing mistakes


and


confusing words


to avoid




The New System Of Education


Click here to practise online grammar and vocabulary test



Introduction:



To some extent, good testing procedure, like good

language use, can be achieved through 

avoidance of errors.  Almost any language-

instruction program requires the preparation and 

administration of tests, and it is only to the extent 

that certain common testing mistakes have been 

avoided that such tests can be said to be 

worthwhile selection, diagnostic, or evaluation 

instruments.


 



Categories of mistakes:



The common mistakes have been grouped into

four categories as follows: general examination

characteristics, Item characteristics, test validity

concerns, and administrative and scoring issues.

Five specific mistakes have been identified under

each of these categories.





General Examination Characteristics


1. Tests which are too difficult or too easy


2. An insufficient number of items


3. Redundancy of test type


4. Lack of confidence measures


5. Negative wash-back through


non-occurrence forms


 



Item Characteristics



6. Trick questions


7. Redundant wording


8. Divergence cues


9. Convergence cues


10. Option number




Test-Validity Concerns


11 . Mixed content


12. Wrong medium


13. Common knowledge


14. Syllabus mismatch


15. Content matching




Administrative and Scoring Issues



16. Lack of cheating controls


17. Inadequate instructions


18. Administrative inequities


19. Lack of piloting 


20. Subjectivity of scoring.


 



The 3 worst English grammar 


mistakes




The most common written grammatical errors that


should be avoided at all costs:


1: Your when you should write - You're



2: Its when you should write - It's


3: Their when you should write - Their or they're


 



My own attitude:



There are other mistakes which should be

avoided also, like the following:




1-The test is not smart.  I mean the test which is not

 subjective/ specific, measurable, actual, reliable and

 timed  is a wrong test.




2- A test with no care for individual differences. 

The test must include items for learners with special

needs like the slow learners and the gifted ones.




3-A test without the 4 skills.  The test must deal with

 the4 linguistic skills including listening, speaking,

 reading and writing.




4- Just a theoretical test.  The test mustn't be only 

just a theoretical test.  It must measure the practical 

learning which learners have conducted.  To do is

 to apply, to apply is to evaluate and to evaluate is

 to learn.




5-Test of attained information.  The test must not

deal with how much information the learner has

learnt by heart without comprehension.  It must

measure the critical thinking of learners.

 I mean the learner's ability to analyze,

compose and evaluate.


 



Confusing English words




Accept v Except



Accept is a verb. Pronunciation is /əkˈsept/


1) to receive, to agree to take something

The packet was accepted by someone working in the office reception

I accept your apology




2) to say yes to an offer

They gave her a bigger salary, so she accepted the job in London.

 


Except is a conjunction or preposition. Pronunciation is  /ɪkˈsept/

Everyone was at the meeting this morning except Alex.

The library is open every day except for Sunday.

 



Affect v Effect



AFFECT is a verb: Pronunciation  /əˈfekt/

Affect means 'to change or influence something'

Will the new rules affect me?

The medicine affects my grandad's heart rate so

 that it doesn't speed up too much.

She was deeply affected by the death of her 

mum... they were very close.




EFFECT is a noun: Pronunciation  /ɪˈfekt/

Effect means 'a change that is produced in one

 thing by another'

Diesel engine pollution has a damaging effect 

on the environment

Yoga can reduce the effects of modern-day 

stressful lifestyles.

The new tax laws will come into effect on the 

1st January.





PLEASE NOTE: effect can also be a verb,


(Example:


'They effected radical change in the 

company') but


 it is not used very much these days and mainly


just in Business English writing)

 



EFFECT vs AFFECT SENTENCE


If you can remember this sentence, it might help you

remember that effect is a noun and affect is a verb.

The effect of the alcohol affected him quite strongly.

 



Breath v Breathe

'a breath' is a noun, 'to breathe' is a verb

Different pronunciation: breath /breθ/  vs to 

breathe /briːð/

BREATH (noun): Take a deep breath! / After my run

this morning

I was really out of breath.

BREATHE (VERB): I've just eaten some garlic,

so I'm sorry if I'm breathing all over you. / Breathe

deeply and try to relax




Borrow v Lend


to BORROW: someone TAKES something (for a 

temporary period, not permanently) from somebody 

else to LEND: someone GIVES something 

(temporarily, not for ever) to somebody.


Could I just borrow your pen for a minute?

I will lend you the money but I need it back by Friday, 

OK?


 


Image result for Egyptian mounements and tourists


 


Desert v Dessert


Note that these two words have 3 different 

meanings and 2 different sounds 

DESERT (WITH ONE 'S')



desert (noun): /ˈdezət/ - a large hot place with sand

and no rain

The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world.

to desert (verb): /dɪˈzɜːt/ - to leave someone 

behind/ without help or to run away from the army

 


DESSERT (WITH TWO 'S')

/dɪˈzɜːt/  - The sweet sugary food that you eat

 at the end of a meal

 

Its v It's


It's (with an apostrophe): the short way of writing

it is It's so nice to meet you. /  You won't need 

your jacket it's really warm outside.


Its (no apostrophe): belonging to 'it', like his/her

shows belonging to he/she

My dog plays with its favourite toy every night.



 



Lose v Loose


'to lose' is a verb  -  /luːz/ (rhyming with SNOOZE)  -

the opposite of 'to win'

We can't lose any more games this season

if we want to win the league.

 



'loose' is an adjective  -  /luːs/ (rhyming with MOOSE) -

the opposite of 'tight', or not constricted or contained

Last year I lost a lot 10 kilos and now my jeans are really

loose around my waist.





Of v Off


OFF - is the opposite of 'on'. Pronunciation is /ɒf/


Examples:


Please turn off the lights when you leave.

(Here, off is a preposition and forms a phrasal verb)

SGI is just off Oxford Street... only 5 mins walk

from Oxford Circus. (Here, off is a preposition)

After the accident the car just drove off!

(Here, off is an adverb)

Ooh God, this milk is off - it smells awful!

(Here, off is an adjective)

 



OF - has lots and lots of meanings and uses.

Pronunciation is /əv/

Examples:

She always takes up more than her side of the bed.

The colour of that house is really interesting.

I don't really know him. He's just a friend of a friend.

Of course!

 


Practice v Practise


In British English, there is a different spelling - 

practice (with a 'c') is a noun and to practise

 (with an 's') is a verb.

Both spelling variations have exactly the same

pronunciation: /ˈpræktɪs/




NOUN: John broke his leg in football practice last

night / Practice makes perfect!

VERB: She practises the violin for 4 hours a day  /

As a parent it's hard to practise what you preach.

 



Stationary v Stationery


Stationary (with an 'a') means 'not moving'


Stationery (with an 'e') is paper, pens, pencils,


envelopes that are used for writing


Both words are pronounced /ˈsteɪʃnriː/  or 

 /ˈsteɪʃənriː/

Both ways of saying the words are correct and 

depends on where the speaker grew up, not on 

which version/meaning of the word they are saying.





Their v There v They're


THEIR (determiner): /ðeə/  Meaning: belonging to 

'they', a group of people - Is that their car?

THERE (function word):  /ðeə/  Can be used as a 

pronoun, adverb, or as an interjection.

Pronoun (to introduce the subject of the sentence):

There's a strange man knocking on the window

downstairs.


Adverb: Have a seat there and I'll be back in a 

minute

Interjection: There, that wasn't too bad, was it? 

THEY'RE (contraction - short form way of writing 

'they are'):

 The thing I don't like about The Rolling Stones

 is that they're too old!


 

To v Too v Two


TO (preposition) meaning 'in the direction of'

TOO (adverb) meaning also / more than enough / 

extremely. TWO is a number.



 


More Resources


1-Multiple Choice test requirements  


2-Leadership.


3-Tilo Project.



4-High schools Education.


5-New Vocabulary.


6-Teaching songs.


7-Teaching spelling.


8-Model Lesson / Lesson Plan.


9-How to teach a novel


10--Egyptian Education System.


11-Curriculum Analysis.


12-Curriculum Development.



13-Curriculum Design.


14--Communicative grammar



15-Assessment and Evaluation.


16-How to teach new structure.


17-Writing a letter.


18-Education with a good quality.


19-Human resources management


20--Task-based language teaching..


21-Teaching methods for 4 stages.


Cover photo of Forum 2004


English Teaching Forum 2004,

Volume 42, Issue 1


1-MA KINGS ENS EOF WORDS


2-The Communicative Approach:



3-Reflective Portfolio



4-English Magazines



5-Authentic Video in the Beginning ESOL


6 Film for Listening and Speaking


7-Sexist Language Persists


8-Teacher Resources


9-Abstracts from Other Journals


10-The Lighter Side


11-The Lighter Side (answers)


12-A Postcard from America


13-An Integrated Skills Lesson Plan


Teaching methods for 4 stages.


-How to conduct ELT workshop


-Competency-based teaching method


22--How to conduct ELT workshop


23-Competency-based teaching method




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