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Learner Dictionary







Mr. / Girgis




Online Corpus-based


Learner Dictionary


Introduction:


The best online learner dictionaries include:

(1) a corpus-based compilation of words;

(2) word frequency data;

(3) collocation guides;

(4) authentic examples of how words are used; and

(5) topical vocabulary from different disciplines.



 



How to use a dictionary



Dictionaries are organized alphabetically, so start with

 the first letter of the word that you are trying to find.


'Alliteration' is going to be in the first section of the

dictionary under 'a'.


There will be lots of entries for each letter of the alphabet,

so use the guide word at the top of the page to help you.

 The guide word tells you what the first or last word on

 that page of the dictionary is.


You will need to look at the second letter of the word,

 and then the third, and so on, in order to find it.

 It takes a little practice to find words quickly.


You may need to scan several pages of the dictionary

in order to find the word that you need. Scanning is a

 way of reading quickly to find the information that you

need. The more you practice, the better you will get

at finding words fast.




Word types


When you find your word, there may be an abbreviation

 next to it. Perhaps vb., n., or adj. The introduction to

 your dictionary will tell you what they each mean

 because every dictionary is different, but these are

 the most common and may indicate that your word

 is a verb, a noun, or an adjective.




Different meanings



Some words have multiple meanings.

 These will usually be numbered, and may have an

 example of the way that the word can be used in

 a sentence.


Some dictionaries may give even more information;

perhaps about the origin and history of a word, or

some of its synonyms (words or phrases which mean

 the same, or nearly the same).



Dictionary quiz


Test your knowledge on how to use a dictionary

 with this quick quiz.



 



How a dictionary helps


A good dictionary is not just a list of isolated words

 with their meanings or translations. Indeed, it can be

argued that a word in isolation has no definite meaning:

the meaning only becomes apparent when the word is

placed in context.



The job of the dictionary is to place a word in each of

 its possible contexts and explain its meaning in each case.

 In order to do this successfully, the dictionary needs to

 be based on the analysis of words in real text and

 communication.


A dictionary can be used to look up the meaning


of a word.


You can also use a dictionary to check the spelling


of a word.


Dictionaries may also give other information about

words, such as word type and word origin.



 


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CD ROM Dictionary:


The CD-ROM offers :


pronunciation guides (usually for both British and American

language)


electronic writing tools

quick find (clicking on a word in a text gives its definition)

picture dictionaries (mostly in color)

extra grammar and vocabulary exercises (to enhance learning)

vocabulary notes (an electronic version of a vocabulary diary)

wildcard functions (looking up words without knowing

 their exact spelling).



 

Dictionary features:


1-Corpus-based dictionaries


Thus, definitions for a word are sequenced based on

 their frequency of use, and example sentences in

 corpus-based dictionaries are authentic.


This sequencing makes it easy for learners of English

 to focus first on frequent words and meanings that will

give them the most mileage.



2-Word frequency


Knowing whether a word is used a lot ) or a little in

overall written and spoken discourse is very helpful

 information to English learners; that makes

corpus-based dictionaries a must for the

ESL/EFL classroom.

 



3-Collocations


With the use of corpora, lexicographers identify


 collocations (word combinations that normally


go together) and incorporate them into learner dictionaries.



4-Authentic examples


For EFL learners another advantage of learner


 dictionaries over their general-use counterparts


 is the abundance of example sentences.


 In addition to definitions, learner dictionaries


 include “authentic examples to illustrate the


 use of words in context”.



5-Topical vocabulary


Another useful element corpus-based learner


 dictionaries offer for vocabulary learning is the


 way they present topical vocabulary by


indicating how the words relate semantically to


 different categories.


For example, in the LDCE, students can see that the word


vocabulary belongs to the two topical groups “Linguistics” and

Language.


Other dictionaries provide synonyms and semantic


webs to indicate different word usages and to illustrate


 how a single word relates to different concepts. 



 



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How children use a dictionary:



1-Find an appropriate dictionary. It is difficult for

children to learn straight out of you favorite full-size

 Merriam Webster dictionary,

so make sure you have a children's dictionary.

 It is best if the dictionary has pictures, color, clearly

 labeled headings, and an easy to read font.


2-Read with your child. Find a book that is

 slightly above their reading level, and ask them

 to read it to you. When they stumble on a word the

 don't know, ask them what they think the meaning is.

If they say 'I don't know', help them to use context clues first.

If they still cannot work it out, then get the dictionary.



3-Explain to them what a dictionary is, and how

 it can be useful. Depending on the age of the child,

 say something like "This is a dictionary.

 It is a helpful book we can use when we don't know

 the meaning of a word or we don't know how

 to spell something."



4-To start teaching them how to use the dictionary,

When they start to get bored of this, go back to the

 unfamiliar word and ask if they think the dictionary

 can help them to find out what it means.

  Encourage them to say yes.


 



5-Next, explain that the dictionary goes by the alphabet.

Ask them what letter their word begins with, and then help

them to find that letter in the dictionary. Then explain that

you have to find the second letter of the word, and so on.


For example, if their word was reptile, help them find the

letter r.Then tell them to find the 're' section. Keep doing

this ('rep', 'rept', etc.) until they find the word.


6-Ask them to read you the definition. Now they know what

the word means. Go back to the book, and keep reading,

until you have found three words they need to look up.


 


1-Methods of teaching words spelling.



2-Lexical Approach. 



3-Teaching Strategies.




4-Brain Storming




5-Media Literacy Curriculum.



6-Media Literacy Education.




7-STEM Education.



8-Teaching Vocabulary communicatively.




9-Teaching Grammar communicatively.




10-CPD



11-Inquiry-based learning method /


12-Brainstorming method.
English Teaching Forum



1-English as a Foreign Language



2-Constructivism





3-Conditions for Teacher Research




4-Translation and Foreign Language




5- Romeo and  Juliet in One Hour





6-Newspapers in America






7-Lesson Plan



8-The Lighter Side


9-Teaching diverse and multi-cultured



10-Teaching Methods of Jesus.


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